Strategy For Treating Bioterrorism Threats In Indonesia Post Pandemi Covid-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55227/ijhess.v2i5.384Keywords:
Threats, bioterrorism, intelligence, terrorism, covid-19Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic has revived interest in the impact of using pathogens as weapons. Bioterrorism is the intentional release of viruses, bacteria or other agents used to cause disease or death in humans, animals or plants. There is the potential for state-sponsored terrorism against strategic targets and the potential for the use of biological agents in committing crimes that have no political goals but are committed for extortion or revenge. This study aims to analyze the threat of bioterrorism in Indonesia using a qualitative descriptive method. This study involved collecting data from various sources, such as related documents and reports, as well as interviews with relevant experts and stakeholders. The results of the study show that Indonesia is facing a real threat of bioterrorism which can endanger national defense and security as well as public health. Like Covid-19, even though it has been declared a pandemic, Covid-19 can also be called a bioterrorism threat even though it is not fully realized. Through this study, researchers want to show that threat identification in Indonesia still needs to be improved. This also needs to be accompanied by optimizing efforts to prevent and deal with bioterrorism, especially in the aspect of inter-agency coordination and increasing state intelligence capabilities. In supporting these efforts, regulations, human resources, technology and infrastructure need to be prepared as early as possible in order to deal with the threat of bioterrorism.
References
Aktual.com. (2020, March). BIN: Ancaman Bioterorisme Bisa Melalui Suplai Pangan. Aktual.Com. https://aktual.com/bin-ancaman-bioterorisme-bisa-melalui-suplai-pangan/
Bakrie, C. R. (2007, August 1). Siapkah Kita Menghadapi Bioterorisme? Media Indonesia.
Bentley, M. (2020). Known Unknowns: Covid-19 and Biological Warfare. In E-International Relations. https://www.e-ir.info/2020/08/08/known-unknowns-covid-19-and-biological-warfare/
Burnette, R. (2013). Biosecurity: Understanding, Assessing, and Preventing the Threat (1st ed.). Wiley.
Carus, W. S. (1999). Bioterrorism and Biocrimes: The Illicit Use of Biological Agents in the 20th Century. Center for Counterproliteration Research, National Defense University.
Clarke, G. (2020). COVID-19 Threatening Global Peace and Security, UN Chief Warns. In UN News. https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/04/1061502
Faddis, C. (2020). The Lessons Terrorists Will Draw from the Coronavirus Pandemic. In Defending Against Biothreats: What We Can Learn from the Coronavirus Pandemic to Enhance U.S. Defenses Against Pandemics and Biological Weapons. Center for Security Policy Press.
Fidler, D. (2002). Bioterrorism, Public Health, And International Law. Chicago Journal of International Law, 3(1).
Imperiale, M. J., & Casadevall, A. (2020). Rethinking Gain-of-Function Experiments in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic. MBio, 11(4). https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.01868-20
Jansen, H. J., Breeveld, F. J., Stijnis, C., & Grobusch, M. P. (2014). Biological warfare, bioterrorism, and biocrime. Clinical Microbiology and Infection : The Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 20(6), 488–496. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/1469-0691.12699
Khoiriyah, U. (2005). Antraks Pulmoner dan Bioterorisme Pulmonary Anthrax and Bioterorism. Mutiara Medika, 5(2).
Kwak, M. (2016). Helminths as Weapons of Bioterrorism: An Unrecognised Threat. Journal of Bioterrorism and Biodefense, 7(3).
Leitenberg, M. (2005). Assessing the biological weapons and bioterrorism threat. Strategic Studies Institute, US Army War College. https://ssi.armywarcollege.edu/2005/pubs/assessing-the-biological-weapons-and-bioterrorism-threat/
Mead, W. R. (2020). The Century of Bioweapons. In Wall Street Journal. https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-century-of-bioweapons-11588025901
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2014). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook (3rd ed.). SAGE Publications.
Moleong, L. J. (2019). Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif. Remaja Rosdakarya.
Soeliongan, A. E. (2020). Urgensi Peraturan Bioterorisme di Indonesia dalam Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia. Jurnal HAM, 11(2), 169–184. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.30641/ham.2020.11.169-184
Stern, J. (1999). The Prospect of Domestic Bioterrorism. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 5(4), 517–522. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3201/eid0504.990410
Sugiyono. (2017). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif Dan R&D. Alfabeta.
UPMC Center For Health Security. (2014). Bacillus Antrachis Fact Sheet. In UPMC Center For Health Security. https://www.centerforhealthsecurity.org/our-work/publications/bacillus-anthracis-anthrax-fact-sheet
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Naila Ma'aliya, Agus Adriyanto, Triyoga Budi Prasetyo , Rudy Sutanto

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.