Edy Saptono and Agus Sudarya 2024. The IBM Model in Border Management of The Riau Islands Province to Increase Investment Competitiveness to Support State Defense: Pengelolaan Perbatasan Provinsi Kepulauan Riau untuk Meningkatkan Daya Saing Investasi . International Journal Of Humanities Education and Social Sciences (IJHESS) . 4, 2 (Oct. 2024). DOI:https://doi.org/10.55227/ijhess.v4i2.1298.