Analysis of Tourism Potential in the Toba Caldera Geopark for the Development of the Ambarita–Tuktuk–Tomok Geosite and the Batak Museum Simanindo–Batuhoda Geosite

Abstract

This study analyzes the tourism potential of Geosite Ambarita–Tuktuk–Tomok and Geosite Batak Museum Simanindo–Batuhoda in the Toba Caldera Geopark, Samosir Regency, focusing on accessibility, accommodation, and attractions. It aims to develop these destinations by integrating activities and supporting facilities to enhance visitor experiences. Using a mixed-method approach with concurrent embedded design, qualitative data were collected through interviews, document analysis, focus group discussions, and literature review, while quantitative data were gathered from surveys and questionnaires. Data were triangulated through observations, interviews, and document studies, with content validity tested using Aiken’s formula. The primary data sources included key stakeholders of the Toba Caldera Geopark and a sample of 90 tourists. The findings show that tourism development in both geosites is supported by good accessibility, quality accommodation, and unique cultural and natural attractions, which attract visitors and positively impact environmental and social preservation. Sustainable management of the Toba Caldera Geopark requires a holistic approach that balances tourism development with the conservation of geological, natural, cultural, and historical aspects. Improved infrastructure and government promotion are essential for these geosites, while adequate facilities and cultural activities can enhance their appeal while preserving local culture. Effective risk management, infrastructure sustainability, and environmental awareness are also recognized as critical for sustainable geosite development. Close collaboration among government, local communities, private sectors, and Non-Governmental Organizations is essential for sustainable geopark management, maximizing benefits for the local community