Analysis Of Mass Fighting Social Disasters In Indonesia For The Period 2011-2014-2021-2024

Abstract

Mass fighting are a form of social disaster that can cause fatalities, injuries, property damage, psychological impacts, and disruption of social relations. This study aims to analyze the development, characteristics, impacts, and conflict-resolution mechanisms of mass fighting in Indonesia during the periods of 2011, 2014, 2021, and 2024. The study employed a qualitative descriptive approach using secondary data obtained through literature and documentary studies, particularly the Village Potential Statistics (Podes) published by Statistics Indonesia (BPS). The findings show that the number of villages/sub-districts experiencing mass fighting fluctuated considerably, from 2,562 cases in 2011 to 2,779 in 2014, declining to 1,553 in 2021, and increasing again to 2,031 in 2024. The associated victims also remained substantial, with 297 fatalities and 1,739 injured persons in 2011; 351 fatalities and 1,878 injured persons in 2014; 114 fatalities and 902 injured persons in 2021; and 150 fatalities and 1,255 injured persons in 2024. In 2024, conflicts between community groups constituted the largest category, with 920 cases, followed by conflicts between villages/sub-districts with 643 cases and student brawls with 575 cases. Other categories included conflicts involving security forces (55 cases), government officials (44 cases), inter-ethnic conflicts (52 cases), and other forms of mass conflict (161 cases). The analysis also indicates that conflict resolution remains strongly dependent on institutional intervention. In 2024, security forces were recorded as the most frequently identified initiators of conflict resolution, with 1,547 interventions, followed by government officials, community leaders, religious leaders, and other actors. These findings indicate that mass fighting are not merely isolated incidents but recurring social problems associated with accumulated social tensions, group rivalry, economic and socio-cultural differences, provocation, weak communication, and unresolved grievances. Therefore, effective management requires a shift from predominantly reactive responses toward integrated prevention through community-based early warning mechanisms, dialogue, mediation, strengthening of local institutions, and sustained collaboration among government authorities, security forces, traditional and religious leaders, youth groups, and communities