Comparison of Cyberbullying Victim Protection in PMH and China's Cybersecurity Law

Tri Susanti; Irfan Hakim; Callista Lauren; Maria Minerva Gani⁠; Aghastyar Aghastyar

doi:10.55227/ijhess.v5i3.2070

Authors

Tri Susanti Universitas Pelita Harapan
Irfan Hakim Universitas Pelita Harapan
Callista Lauren Universitas Pelita Harapan
Maria Minerva Gani⁠ Universitas Pelita Harapan
Aghastyar Aghastyar Universitas Pelita Harapan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55227/ijhess.v5i3.2070

Keywords:

Unlawful Act, Electronic Information Law., Victim Protection, Cybersecurity Law

Abstract

Cyberbullying is a form of digital violence that causes significant psychological and reputational harm. This article compares the legal framework of unlawful acts in Indonesia with tort liability in China, particularly in relation to civil remedies available to cyberbullying victims. Using a literature-based method with a normative–comparative legal approach, the analysis examines the Indonesian Civil Code, the Electronic Information and Transactions Law, China’s Civil Code, and the Cybersecurity Law.The Indonesian framework relies on Article 1365 of the Civil Code and Article 27 paragraph (3) of the Electronic Information and Transactions Law, while China adopts a more explicit approach through the Tort Liability provisions in Book VII of the Civil Code and the Cybersecurity Law. The findings reveal that Indonesia faces substantial challenges due to the absence of a standardized assessment for non-material damages, whereas China provides a more comprehensive structure through explicit recognition of serious mental distress and stricter obligations imposed on digital platforms. This comparison highlights the need for reform in Indonesia’s digital civil law, including the development of clear guidelines for immaterial compensation and stronger cybersecurity regulations that ensure effective victim protection. The study suggests the importance of harmonizing civil law, cybersecurity, and data protection regulations in the digital age

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